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In order to use git, you need to have git installed on your computer, which is most likely the case if you're on a Mac or a Linux system. For all other cases, you can get git here: [http://git-scm.com/ git-scm.com]. | In order to use git, you need to have git installed on your computer, which is most likely the case if you're on a Mac or a Linux system. For all other cases, you can get git here: [http://git-scm.com/ git-scm.com]. | ||
This page shows some common commands, but remember that most modern | This page shows some common commands, but remember that most modern IDEs support versioning systems like git with an additional graphical user interface (in case of Xcode there's a code-timeline and built-in file merging capability). | ||
== Setup == | == Setup == | ||
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<source lang="bash">git remote add origin ssh://myserver.com</source> | <source lang="bash">git remote add origin ssh://myserver.com</source> | ||
For example, you can use [https://github.com/ github.com] to host your open source projects, or [https://bitbucket.org/ | For example, you can use [https://github.com/ github.com] to host your open source projects, or [https://bitbucket.org/ bitbucket.org]. You will find an excessive online help on how to setup a remote server on github: [http://help.github.com/set-up-git-redirect How-to-Setup github]. Basically, you only need a private/public ssh key and a valid user account. | ||
But remember, you can use git only on your local computer as well, it is not required to have an online server! | But remember, you can use git only on your local computer as well, it is not required to have an online server! | ||
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or to add all: | or to add all: | ||
<source lang="bash">git add | <source lang="bash">git add .</source> | ||
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At this point, your commit is only local! You can commit as few or as many changes as you like. But at the end of the day, you should push your changes to the server: | At this point, your commit is only local! You can commit as few or as many changes as you like. But at the end of the day, you should push your changes to the server: | ||
<source lang="bash">git push origin | <source lang="bash">git push origin main</source> | ||
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So: forget CVS and SVN, with GIT there's really no excuse to not use a versioning systems anymore. There is also bazaar, which claims to be even easier than GIT, but isn't as widely | So: forget CVS and SVN, with GIT there's really no excuse to not use a versioning systems anymore. There is also bazaar, which claims to be even easier than GIT, but isn't as widely adopted. Mercurial is another version control system which is becoming more and more popular. | ||
== Summary == | |||
'''tl;dr''' | |||
* git != github.com | |||
** git is a local version control software. You have to install git locally on your machine | |||
** then (!) you can (!) add remote git servers to your local repository. This is where github, gitlab, gutbucket & co (or your own git-server) come into the game | |||
** but then again, git works fine just locally. You do not need to use a remote server, nor do you have to use github or any other service provider. | |||
* the most important commands you want to remember are | |||
** <tt>git init</tt> | |||
** <tt>git remote add origin {ssh://myserver.com}</tt>'' (Add remote Server)'' | |||
** <tt>git status</tt> | |||
** <tt>git add .</tt> | |||
** <tt>git commit -a -m "minor changes"</tt> | |||
** <tt>git push origin master</tt> ''(Push to remote Server; where 'master' is the name of your current branch)'' | |||
* you might want to use a git control software with a graphical user interface | |||
** github.app supports git in general, not only github related repositories. Its nicely designed and really useable. Available for: [http://mac.github.com Mac], [http://windows.github.com Windows]) and [http://mobile.github.com Mobile] (mainly for github features) | |||
** SourceTree as featured from Bitbucket, for [http://www.sourcetreeapp.com Mac] ... though I wouldn't recommend this to beginners. | |||
** Many IDEs support git as well (Xcode, Coda, Textmate, Sublime via Plugin …), so you don't even need to leave your coding environment | |||
* Commit very frequently! | |||
** In fact, commit after every small step and try to be as accurate as possible on your commit messages. | |||
* Branch! | |||
** Whenever you want to try something or are faced with the need to add, change or delete more than one or two files: create a new branch. It's easy, lightweight and you can revert or merge at any point. | |||
== Tutorial == | |||
An [[/Tutorial|(advanced) tutorial]], mainly based on input commands to set up a project with a remote server. | |||
== Links == | == Links == | ||
* [http://git-scm.com | * [http://git-scm.com git-scm] – Official Project Page | ||
* [http://gitref.org | * [http://gitref.org gitref.org] – Git Reference | ||
* [http://git.or.cz/course/svn.html gir.or.cz Crash Course] about git | * [http://git.or.cz/course/svn.html gir.or.cz Crash Course] about git | ||
* [https://github.com/ | * [https://github.com GitHub] | ||
* [https://bitbucket.org/ | * [https://gitlab.com gitlab] | ||
* [https://bitbucket.org Bitbucket.org] (Also works with Mercurial) | |||
* [http://pcottle.github.io/learnGitBranching Learn Git branching] – nice interactive branching tutorial | |||
== Literature == | |||
* [http://git-scm.com/book/ Pro Git Book], ISBN 1430218339, Available in many languages and as CC-BY-NC version in electronic formats (PDF, ePub...) | |||
[[Category:Git]] | [[Category:Git]] | ||
[[Category:Programmiersprachen]] | [[Category:Programmiersprachen]] | ||
[[Category:Michael Markert]] | [[Category:Michael Markert]] | ||
[[Category:HowTo]] |