12,302
edits
m
no edit summary
(→BORON) |
mNo edit summary |
||
| (2 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown) | |||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
'''Discovered in Jena by Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Genossen''' | '''Discovered in Jena by Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Genossen''' | ||
Otto Schott (1851 - 1935) is generally credited, however, with the invention of borosilicate glass, however. His father was a glassmaker in Witten, Westphalia, Germany. Otto studied science in university and wrote a thesis on glass. In 1884, Otto joined Carl Zeiss and Ernst Abbe in founding the "Schott & Associates Glass Technology Laboratory", which has evolved today into the world-wide Schott company. Sometime between 1887 and 1893, modern refined borosilicate glass emerged from Schott's research, and his company introduced it commercially in the summer of 1893. The focus at first was on optical products. (Zeiss had specialized in products such as microscopes.) [http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/CarlZeissStiftung-Company-History.html History of Carl Zeiss Stiftung] | Otto Schott (1851 - 1935) is generally credited, however, with the invention of borosilicate glass, however. His father was a glassmaker in Witten, Westphalia, Germany. Otto studied science in university and wrote a thesis on glass. In 1884, Otto joined Carl Zeiss and Ernst Abbe in founding the "Schott & Associates Glass Technology Laboratory", which has evolved today into the world-wide Schott company. Sometime between 1887 and 1893, modern refined borosilicate glass emerged from Schott's research, and his company introduced it commercially in the summer of 1893. The focus at first was on optical products. (Zeiss had specialized in products such as microscopes.) [http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/CarlZeissStiftung-Company-History.html History of Carl Zeiss Stiftung] | ||
[http://www.practicallyedible.com/edible.nsf/pages/pyrex/ History of Pyrex mention Carl Zeiss and Otto Schott as its creator] | [http://www.practicallyedible.com/edible.nsf/pages/pyrex/ History of Pyrex mention Carl Zeiss and Otto Schott as its creator] | ||
| Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
===Detergent=== | ===Detergent=== | ||
Sodium perborate is manufactured by reaction of disodium tetraborate pentahydrate, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium hydroxide.The monohydrate form dissolves better than the tetrahydrate and has higher heat stability; it is prepared by heating the tetrahydrate. Sodium perborate undergoes hydrolysis in contact with water, producing hydrogen peroxide and borate. Borates in chemistry are chemical compounds containing boron oxoanions, with boron in oxidation state +3. The simplest borate ion is the trigonal planar, BO33−, although many others are known. BO33− forms salts with metallic elements. Boron found in nature is commonly as a borate mineral. Boron is also found combined with silicate to form complex borosilicate minerals such as the tourmalines. Many borates are readily hydrated and contain structural hydroxide groups and should formally be considered as hydroxoborates. | |||
It serves as a source of active oxygen in many detergents, laundry detergents, cleaning products, and laundry bleaches.[1] It is also present in some tooth bleaching formulas. It is used as a bleaching agent for internal bleaching of a non vital root treated tooth. The sodium perborate is placed inside the tooth and left in place for an extended period of time to allow it to diffuse into the tooth and bleach stains from the inside out. It has antiseptic properties and can act as a disinfectant. It is also used as a "disappearing" preservative in some brands of eye drops. | |||
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_perborate/ Sodium perborate Wiki] | |||
===Bulletproof Vest and Armorment=== | ===Bulletproof Vest and Armorment=== | ||
{{Template:ChemElement}} | |||